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ENGINE
4-cylinder
At the launch of the E30 range in 1982, the 316 used a 1,766 cc M10 fed by a carburetor
and producing 66 kW (90 PS; 89 hp), this engine allowed BMW to offer a
cheap, entry-level car in the range. The 318i had the same M10 engine,
but with Jetronic fuel injection, pushing power to 77 kW (105 PS; 103 hp) while also improving fuel economy.
In 1987, the E30 range was updated. At this time, the M10 four-cylinder engines were replaced with the new, belt-driven cam M40 engines, which also incorporated Motronic injection. The 316 was replaced by a 316i, which used a 1,596 cc version of the M40, producing 75 kW (102 PS; 101 hp). Not quite as torquey as the 66 kW (90 PS; 89 hp) 1,766 cc M10 it replaced. Nevertheless, it offered superior performance. In South Africa and perhaps some other markets, the old M10-powered 316 continued until 1991, gaining the new bumpers when the range was updated. The 316i model (and previous 316 model) was not sold in Australia, where the base model was the 318i. After 1987, the 318i had a new 1,796 cc engine (M40B18) with 85 kW (116 PS; 114 hp) which was noticeably smoother than the old version.
The 318is was released in 1989. This model featured a new engine, the chain-driven DOHC M42 1.8 L 16-valve engine. This is the most modern engine available in the E30 range (this engine has been later used in early 318i E36s) and is often referred to as a "mini M3".
The M3 is powered by the BMW S14 engine, a high-revving motorsport engine.
In 1987, the E30 range was updated. At this time, the M10 four-cylinder engines were replaced with the new, belt-driven cam M40 engines, which also incorporated Motronic injection. The 316 was replaced by a 316i, which used a 1,596 cc version of the M40, producing 75 kW (102 PS; 101 hp). Not quite as torquey as the 66 kW (90 PS; 89 hp) 1,766 cc M10 it replaced. Nevertheless, it offered superior performance. In South Africa and perhaps some other markets, the old M10-powered 316 continued until 1991, gaining the new bumpers when the range was updated. The 316i model (and previous 316 model) was not sold in Australia, where the base model was the 318i. After 1987, the 318i had a new 1,796 cc engine (M40B18) with 85 kW (116 PS; 114 hp) which was noticeably smoother than the old version.
The 318is was released in 1989. This model featured a new engine, the chain-driven DOHC M42 1.8 L 16-valve engine. This is the most modern engine available in the E30 range (this engine has been later used in early 318i E36s) and is often referred to as a "mini M3".
The M3 is powered by the BMW S14 engine, a high-revving motorsport engine.
6-cylinder
At the launch of the E30 range, the 320i (2.0 L
M20 with 92 kW (125 PS; 123 hp)) and 323i (2.3 L M20 with 105 kW
(143 PS; 141 hp)) were available, both using Bosch L-Jetronic fuel
injection. These models were not sold in North America, presumably for
emissions reasons. In 1985, the 323i was replaced with a 2.5 L version
of the M20. This engine boosted the power of the top models to 125 kW
(170 PS; 168 hp) and was available in the 325i variants (including the
All Wheel Drive 325iX).
An economy version called the 325e (the e stands for the Greek letter eta, signifying efficiency) was released as a lower revving, more fuel efficient engine. To maximise low-rev torque, the engine was the largest available in the chassis (aside from the rare South African version which was available with the 3.3 L M30). The 2.7 L had a longer stroke than the 2.5 L, with a more restrictive head, four cam bearings instead of seven (less internal friction), and single valve springs where the 2.5l had doubled up springs. This resulted in 90 kW (122 PS; 121 hp) at 4250 rpm and, more importantly, 240 N·m (180 lb·ft) at 3250 rpm (peak torque for a 325i is 215 N·m (159 lb·ft) at 4000 rpm).
In 1987, the E30 range was updated. The update contained two significant changes in the engine department. First, the M20 straight-6 engines changed from Bosch Jetronic to Bosch Motronic. This boosted the 320i to 95 kW (129 PS; 127 hp) and the 325i to 126 kW (171 PS; 169 hp) and improved fuel economy.
An economy version called the 325e (the e stands for the Greek letter eta, signifying efficiency) was released as a lower revving, more fuel efficient engine. To maximise low-rev torque, the engine was the largest available in the chassis (aside from the rare South African version which was available with the 3.3 L M30). The 2.7 L had a longer stroke than the 2.5 L, with a more restrictive head, four cam bearings instead of seven (less internal friction), and single valve springs where the 2.5l had doubled up springs. This resulted in 90 kW (122 PS; 121 hp) at 4250 rpm and, more importantly, 240 N·m (180 lb·ft) at 3250 rpm (peak torque for a 325i is 215 N·m (159 lb·ft) at 4000 rpm).
In 1987, the E30 range was updated. The update contained two significant changes in the engine department. First, the M20 straight-6 engines changed from Bosch Jetronic to Bosch Motronic. This boosted the 320i to 95 kW (129 PS; 127 hp) and the 325i to 126 kW (171 PS; 169 hp) and improved fuel economy.
Drivetrain
In total, seven transmissions were available for the various models of the E30: four manuals, and three automatics.A 4-speed manual was available for the 316 and 318i (Getrag 220). The 316 and 318i also had the option of a common 5-speed manual (Getrag 240), while the 323i and 325i had a stronger 5-speed manual gearbox (Getrag 260). It is suggested that the 323i may have had a sports manual as an option and there are conflicting reports about whether the 320i was fitted with the Getrag 240 or Getrag 260. The Getrag 220 does not have synchromesh on reverse, however all other manual gearbox options have synchromesh.
The M3 was fitted with a Getrag 265 5-speed manual gearbox. This featured a dogleg shift pattern for European models and a standard H-pattern for North American models.
Both automatic transmissions were manufactured by ZF - they were the 3-speed 3 HP 22, which was available on the M10 316 and 318i models, and the 4-speed 4 HP 22, which was available on the 320i, 323i, 324td, 325, 325i and 325e models, as well as M40 powered 316i and 318i.
Transmission gear ratios:
4-speed manual 5-speed manual 3-speed automatic 4-speed automatic available on 316, 318i 316, 316i, 318i, 320i 323i standard, 325i 323i sports 316, 318i 320i, 323i 325i 1st 3.76 3.72 3.83 3.76 2.48 2.73 2.48 2nd 2.04 2.02 2.20 2.33 1.48 1.56 1.48 3rd 1.32 1.32 1.40 1.61 1.00 1.00 1.00 4th 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.23 - 0.73 0.73 5th - 0.81 0.81 1.00 - - - reverse 4.10 3.45 3.46 4.10 2.09 2.09 2.09 There were many differentials used on the E30 models. The 316 and 318i shared a differential, as did the 320i and 323i, with the standard transmission. 323i models with sports transmissions had a different differential. The 325i received its own ratio, as did the 325e. The various M3s had special ratios as well.
BMW E30 M3 BMW 320 E30 Cabriolet 1989 BMW 318i Baur TC2 BMW 325e Sedan (US) Differential gear ratios and types:
model(s) ratio(s) case size type(s) 316 before 9/84 3.64 small open 316 after 9/84 3.91 small open 316i M10 3.91, 4.10 small open 316i M40 4.27, 4.45 small open 318i M10 3.64, 3.91, 4.10 small open 318i M40 2- and 4-doors 4.10, 4.45 small open 318i M40 convertible and touring 4.27, 4.45 small open 318is 4.10 small open (USA Spec had an optional 4.10 small case LSD) 320i before 9/85 3.46 small open 320i 9/85 to 9/87 3.64, 3.91 small open 320i after 9/87 4.10 small open 320i convertible and touring 4.27, 4.45 small open 323i before 9/84 3.23 medium open 323i after 9/84 3.46 medium open 324d 3.45 small open 324td 3.25 medium open 325i before 9/86 3.46, 3.73, 3.91, 4.10 medium standard - open sports - mechanical limited-slip
325i after 9/86 3.64, 3.73, 3.91, 4.10 medium standard - open sports - mechanical limited-slip
325i convertible before 9/86 3.46, 3.91 medium standard - open sports - mechanical limited-slip
325i convertible after 9/86 3.64, 3.91, 4.10 (USA SPEC) medium standard - open sports - mechanical limited-slip
325i touring 3.91 medium open 325ix 2- and 4-doors 3.64, 3.73, 3.91, 4.10(US SPEC AUTO) medium open, all viscous, 10-100% limited-slip 325ix Touring 3.91, 4.10 medium open, all viscous, 10-100% limited-slip 325, 325e US-models 2.93, 3.23 medium standard - open sports - mechanical limited-slip
325e before 9/85 2.79 medium standard - open sports - mechanical limited-slip
325e 9/85 to 12/86 2.93 medium standard - open sports - mechanical limited-slip
325e after 12/86 3.25, 3.46 medium standard - open sports - mechanical limited-slip
M3 (North America) 4.10 medium mechanical limited-slip M3 (Europe), Evolution 3.25 medium mechanical limited-slip M3 Convertible 3.25 medium mechanical limited-slip M3 Evolution II, Sport Evolution 3.15 medium mechanical limited-slip The all-wheel-drive system on the iX models used three differentials to distribute power to the wheels, 37:63 split front to rear. The center and rear differentials use viscous couplings to split torque. The front differential was open.
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